The Basilica of the Nativity was built in 565 by the Emperor Justinian I. It is forms part of the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem which was built over the site of the birthplace of Jesus Christ.

The Basilica is managed jointly by  the Roman Catholic, Greek Orthodox and the Armenian Apostolic churches.

Old Cairo's Hanging Church is a coptic Christian church built over a Roman fortress known as the Babylon Fortress.